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• 产品描述： Buparvaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone antiprotozoal drug related to atovaquone and parvaquone.

• 靶点： Antibiotic;Parasite

• 体内研究：
  Both a hydrous gel and water-in-oil emulsion of buparvaquone significantly reduce cutaneous parasite burden and lesion size than the untreated control. Treatment of N. caninum infected mice with buparvaquone (100 mg/kg) either by intraperitoneal injection or gavage prevents neosporosis symptoms in 4 out of 6 mice in the intraperitoneally treated group, and in 6 out of 7 mice in the group receiving oral treatment.

• 细胞实验： To study whether pretreatment of host cells prior to invasion had any effect on parasite proliferation, confluent HFF grown in 6-well plates are treated with 1μM buparvaquone in medium for 1h or 5h, and controls are exposed to the corresponding amounts of DMSO. Subsequently, the drug-containing medium is removed and monolayers are ished 4 times with Hank's Balanced Salt Solution, and are infected with Nc-Liv tachyzoites in 5mL medium without any drug or solvent. After 2 days, cells are collected with a cell scraper, centrifuged, ished once more in PBS, and the pellet is stored at 20°C prior to quantification of N.caninum proliferation by N.caninum-specific real time PCR as outlined below.

• 动物实验： Mice: On day 0, all mice are infected by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of freshly purified N.caninum tachyzoites. After 48h, mice receive BPQ (100mg/kg) as suspension in corn oil either by i.p. injection of a volume of 100μl or by oral application of 100μl by gavage. The control groups obtained the corresponding amount of the solvent only, either i.p. or orally. The treatments are performed 5 times on a daily basis. If not indicated otherwise, mice are inspected twice daily for clinical signs (ruffled coat, apathy, hind limb paralysis) until day 21 post infection (p.i.), at which time they are euthanized.

• 参考文献：
  1. Reimão JQ, et al. Effectiveness of liposomal buparvaquone in an experimental hamster model of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi. Exp Parasitol. 2012 Mar;130(3):195-9. 2. Garnier T, et al. In vivo studies on the antileishmanial activity of buparvaquone and its prodrugs. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Oct;60(4):802-10. 3. Müller J, et al. Buparvaquone is active against Neospora caninum in vitro and in experimentally infected mice. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2015 Feb 13;5(1):16-25.

• 溶解性： Soluble  in  DMSO

• 保存条件： 2-8℃

• 配置溶液浓度参考：
  

  	1mg	5mg	10mg
  1 mM	3.063 ml	15.317 ml	30.634 ml
  5 mM	0.613 ml	3.063 ml	6.127 ml
  10 mM	0.306 ml	1.532 ml	3.063 ml
  50 mM	0.061 ml	0.306 ml	0.613 ml

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本计算器可帮助您计算出特定溶液中溶质的质量、溶液浓度和体积之间的关系，公式为：

质量 (mg) = 浓度 (mM) x 体积 (mL) x 分子摩尔量 (g/mol)

• pg ng μg mg g kg =
  fM pM nM μM mM M *
  nL μL mL L *