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• 产品描述： Clozapine N-oxide is a major metabolite of Clozapine and a human muscarinic designer receptors (DREADDs) agonist. Clozapine N-oxide activates the DREADD receptor hM3Dq and hM4Di. Clozapine N-oxide can cross the blood-brain barrier[1][2][3][4]. Clozapine is a potent dopamine antagonist and also a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor (EC50=11 nM) agonist

• 靶点： Human muscarinic designer receptors (DREADDs);DopamineReceptor;5-HTReceptor;AChR;DrugMetabolite

• 体外研究：
  Clozapine N-oxide (CNO) can bind to non-DREADD receptors at concentrations required for DREADD activation, and undergoes reverse-metabolism to its parent compound clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic that acts at a variety of pharmacological targets and produces numerous physiological and behavioral effects.

• 体内研究：
  After a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of Clozapine N-oxide (1 mg/kg) into mice, Clozapine N-oxide (CNO) plasma levels peak at 15 min and are very low after 2 h. Despite the short plasma half-life of CNO in mice, the biological effects that have been described after acute treatment of DREADD-expressing experimental animals are usually much longer (6-10 h).

• 参考文献：
  1. Wess J, et al. Novel designer receptors to probe GPCR signaling and physiology. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Jul;34(7):385-92. 2. Manvich DF, et al. The DREADD agonist clozapine N-oxide (CNO) is reverse-metabolized to clozapine and produces clozapine-like interoceptive stimulus effects in rats and mice. Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 1;8(1):3840. 3. van der Peet PL, et al. Gram scale preparation of clozapine N-oxide (CNO), a synthetic small molecule actuator for muscarinic acetylcholine DREADDs. MethodsX. 2018 Mar 23;5:257-267. 4. Joseph Cichon, et al. Branch-specific dendritic Ca(2+) spikes cause persistent synaptic plasticity. Nature. 2015 Apr 9;520(7546):180-5. 5. Silva RR, et al. Evaluation of Functional Selectivity of NSC 170973, Clozapine, and LASSBio-579, an Experimental Compound With Antipsychotic-Like Actions in Rodents, at G Protein and Arrestin Signaling Downstream of the Dopamine D2 Receptor. Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jun 4;10:628. 6. Zorn SH, et al. Clozapine is a potent and selective muscarinic M4 receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov 15;269(3):R1-2.

• 溶解性： Soluble  in  DMSO、H2O

• 保存条件： 2-8℃

• 配置溶液浓度参考：
  

  	1mg	5mg	10mg
  1 mM	2.917 ml	14.585 ml	29.17 ml
  5 mM	0.583 ml	2.917 ml	5.834 ml
  10 mM	0.292 ml	1.458 ml	2.917 ml
  50 mM	0.058 ml	0.292 ml	0.583 ml

• 注意：部分产品我司仅能提供部分信息，我司不保证所提供信息的权威性，仅供客户参考交流研究之用。

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本计算器可帮助您计算出特定溶液中溶质的质量、溶液浓度和体积之间的关系，公式为：

质量 (mg) = 浓度 (mM) x 体积 (mL) x 分子摩尔量 (g/mol)

• pg ng μg mg g kg =
  fM pM nM μM mM M *
  nL μL mL L *