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• 产品描述： Palmitelaidic Acid (9-trans-Hexadecenoic acid) is the trans isomer of palmitoleic acid. Palmitoleic acid is one of the most abundant fatty acids in serum and tissue.

• 靶点： AMPK;PPARα;Glucokinase;Glucokinase; AMPK; PPAR

• 体内研究：
  Palmitoleic acid promotes a faster uptake of glucose in the body, associated with higher insulin concentration. Palmitoleic acid increases the phosphorylation of AMPK, up-regulates glucokinase and down-regulates SREBP-1. Regarding AMPK downstream, palmitoleic acid increases the production of FGF-21 and stimulates the expression of PPARα. Palmitoleic acid reduces body weight increase, ameliorates the development of hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and improves insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, palmitoleic acid down-regulates mRNA expressions of proinflammatory adipocytokine genes (TNFα and resistin) in white adipose tissue and lipogenic genes (SREBP-1, FAS, and SCD-1) in liver

• 参考文献：
  1. Frigolet ME, et al. The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease. 2. de Souza CO, et al. Palmitoleic Acid Improves Metabolic Functions in Fatty Liver by PPARα-Dependent AMPK Activation. J Cell Physiol. 2016 Dec 7. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25715. 3. Yang ZH, et al. Chronic administration of palmitoleic acid reduces insulin resistance and hepatic lipid accumulation in KK-Ay Mice with genetic type 2 diabetes. Lipids Health Dis. 2011 Jul 21;10:120.

• 溶解性： Ethanol  :  100  mg/mL  (393.07  mM;  Need  ultrasonic)

• 保存条件： -20℃

• 配置溶液浓度参考：
  

  	1mg	5mg	10mg
  1 mM	3.931 ml	19.653 ml	39.307 ml
  5 mM	0.786 ml	3.931 ml	7.861 ml
  10 mM	0.393 ml	1.965 ml	3.931 ml
  50 mM	0.079 ml	0.393 ml	0.786 ml

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本计算器可帮助您计算出特定溶液中溶质的质量、溶液浓度和体积之间的关系，公式为：

质量 (mg) = 浓度 (mM) x 体积 (mL) x 分子摩尔量 (g/mol)

• pg ng μg mg g kg =
  fM pM nM μM mM M *
  nL μL mL L *